Babad Brahmana Catur

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Babad Brahmana Catur
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    Summary


    In English

    [EN] Sometimes many people still consider Babad Brahmana Catur text and Dwijendra Tattwa text are the same, but these lontar texts belong to two different categories. The Babad Brahmana Catur tells about the journey of Dang Hyang Nirartha, a Hindu priest from the late Majapahit era (1489 A.D.). He came to Bali and became an advisor to the Balinese kingdom in Waturenggong era. This chronicle mainly describes about the places that he had visited in Java, Bali, Lombok and Sumbawa, until finally he reached spiritual elevation on the crest of Uluwatu. Not only that, this chronicle also tells the miracles that he had made and various holy places built by him and by some of his descendants.

    The Babad Brahmana Catur text is an important genealogical source for descendants of the brahmana clan (soroh) in Bali. Copied several times by different authors, this manuscript still survives to the present time in the form of palm-leaf manuscripts and latin transliteration. Fortunately, Indonesian translation is available, too.

    Broadly speaking, this chronicle gives a glimpse about the situation when Majapahit collapsed—it had a major influence on the development of literacy in Java and Bali. As a Hindu religious leader, Dang Hyang Nirartha had a mission to defend the sacred teachings from extinction. In a unique way, he finally managed to maintain this religious system in Bali with its religious and cultural foundations that can be seen today.

    In Balinese

    BA Minab makeh kantun anake matehang Babad Brahmana Catur lan Dwijendra Tattwa, kewanten makakalih sasuratan lontar puniki ngeranjing ring kalih bantihan sane pada masiosan pisan. Babad Brahmana Catur nuturang indik palampah Ida Dang Hyang Nirartha, pandita Hindu saking masa Majapahit pinih ungkur 1489 Masehi . Ida rawuh ring Bali tur dados purohita ring kadatuan Bali Rajya duk kaprabon Ida Dalem Waturenggong. Babad puniki utamannyane nlatarang indik genah-genah lan pradesa-pradesa sane kasimpangin Ida ring Jawi, Bali, Lombok lan Sumbawa, laut pamuputnyane Ida ngayukti kamoksan sane langgeng ring luhur karang Uluwatu. Tan ja nika kemanten, babad niki taler nyaritayang kasaktian Ida sane kaaksi olih para wargine tur pura sane cen manten sane kakaryanang Ida tur olih akudang warih Ida. Babad Brahmana Catur puniki wantah pinaka unteng lalintihan sane pinih penting mantuka ring para soroh brahmana ring Bali. Kasalin olih pangawi-pangawi sane malianan, lontar puniki kantun kapiara nyantos mangkin jangkep nyantos salinan aksaran ipun. Agetne, pasalin basa Indonesiannyane taler wenten.

    Untengnyane, babad puniki micayang pepindan indike kawentenan daweg Majapahite sirna ngwawa aeb sane meranen pisan mantuka ring panglimbak literasi ring Jawi lan Bali. Pinaka pamucuk pandita Hindune, Dang Hyang Nirartha ngambel swadharma pacang ngraksa ajah-ajahan suci punika mangda tan punah. Antuk sakancan kaluwihan Ida, pamuputnyane Ida prasida ngraksa sistem religi puniki ring Bali jangkep sareng dasar-dasar tattwa lan budayannyane sane prasida kapanggih nyantos mangkin.

    In Indonesian

    [ID] Kadang beberapa kalangan menyamakan Babad Brahmana Catur dengan Dwijendra Tattwa, namun kedua jenis teks lontar ini adalah dua kategori yang berbeda. Babad Brahmana Catur mengisahkan perjalanan Dang Hyang Nirartha, pendeta Hindu dari zaman majapahit akhir. Beliau datang ke Bali dan menjadi penasihat kerajaan Bali pada zaman Waturenggong. Babad ini mengisahkan tempat-tempat yang pernah beliau singgahi di Jawa, Bali, Lombok maupun Sumbawa, hingga pada akhirnya beliau mencapai keheningan yang kekal di puncak karang Uluwatu. Tak hanya itu, babad ini juga mengisahkan keajaiban-keajaiban yang pernah beliau buat dan tempat-tempat suci mana saja yang dibangun oleh beliau maupun oleh beberapa keturunan beliau.

    Teks Babad Brahmana Catur adalah sumber silsilah penting bagi keturunan klan (soroh) brahmana di Bali. Disalin beberapa kali oleh penulis yang berbeda, naskah ini masih bertahan hingga kini dalam bentuk lontar dan salinan aksara. Beruntungnya, ada terjemahan bahasa Indonesianya juga.

    Secara garis besar, babad ini memberi kilasan bahwa situasi saat Majapahit runtuh membawa pengaruh besar bagi perkembangan literasi di Jawa dan Bali. Sebagai seorang pemuka agama Hindu, Dang Hyang Nirartha mengemban misi mempertahankan ajaran suci itu agar tidak punah. Dengan cara yang unik, akhirnya beliau berhasil mempertahankan sistem religi ini di Bali dengan fondasi religius dan budayanya yang bisa dilihat hingga saat ini.

    Text Excerpt


    Bahasa Kawi/Kuno

    Sheet 3A: ...kunang ri wekasan tikang mahaloka, sinagara de sang hyang agnirudra, bhasmi bhuta ikang trimandala. Wastu sunia maneng angaluwung, peteng pepet ikang bhuwana kabeh, sarika pwa sira bhattara ekabhuwana anuduh sang hyang caturmukha amerdiaken tikang mahaloka... translation from the team.

    In English

    Up to the Maharloka border, the universe was flooded with fire from Rudra so the three worlds (bhur, bhuwah, swah) were melted down. Then everything became silent, complete darkness in all three worlds. The lord of the universe ordered Lord Brahma (Caturmukha) to re-create the universe. translation from the team.

    In Balinese

    Nyantos wates Maharloka, jagate sami kapepekin antuk geni metu saking Hyang Rudra, ngawe jagat tigane bhur, bhuwah swah telas, tatas lebur. Laut asapunika, makasami dados sipeng, peteng detdet jagat tigane. Ida Hyang paramakawi mituduhin Bhatara Brahma mangda ngawerdi jagate malih pisan.

    Pasalin basa olih tim

    In Indonesian

    Sampai di batas Maharloka, alam semesta dibanjiri oleh api dari Rudra sehingga ketiga alam (bhur, bhuwah, swah) dilebur. Lalu semuanya menjadi sunyi, gelap gulita seluruh tiga dunia. Tuhan penguasa alam semesta memerintahkan Dewa Brahma (Caturmukha) untuk menciptakan alam kembali. Alih bahasa oleh tim

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